What is Bacterial Vaginosis?
BV is a bacterial infection in the vagina caused by an imbalance of natural vaginal bacteria. It’s not considered dangerous, but it can cause unpleasant symptoms like a fishy smell, discharge, and irritation.
Is Bacterial Vaginosis a Sexually Transmitted (STD) Infection?
No, BV is not classified as an STD. However, it is more common in people who are sexually active, especially if they have multiple partners.
What Causes Bacterial Vaginosis?
BV occurs when there is an overgrowth of certain bacteria, such as Gardnerella vaginalis.
Factors that may increase the risk include:
- Having multiple or new sexual partners
- Using scented soaps or douches
- Smoking
- Using an intrauterine device (IUD) for contraception
How is Bacterial Vaginosis Diagnosed?
A doctor or nurse can diagnose BV by examining symptoms and taking a vaginal swab sample.
The sample is then tested for pH levels and the presence of certain bacteria. Clue cells (vaginal cells covered with bacteria) are a key indicator of BV.
How is Bacterial Vaginosis Treated?
BV is typically treated with antibiotics, either in tablet form or as a cream or gel applied inside the vagina.
Common antibiotics used include metronidazole and clindamycin.
Do I Need to Get Re-tested After Treatment?
In most cases, no further testing is needed if symptoms go away.
Pregnant women should be re-tested a month after the treatment to ensure that BV has cleared.
If symptoms persist, or if BV keeps returning, follow-up testing may be necessary.
Bacterial Vaginosis and Yogurt
Some people believe that applying yogurt with live cultures in the vagina can help restore healthy bacteria, but there is limited scientific evidence to support this approach.
Eating yogurt with probiotics may support general gut health but has not been proven to treat BV effectively.
Bacterial Vaginosis and Vaginal Acetic Acid
Some over the counter available vaginal acid gels are uses to lower vaginal pH (hence making it more acidic). The research evidence showing their usefulness is somewhat mixed.
Bacterial Vaginosis and Lactobacillus Tablets
Lactobacillus supplements aim to restore healthy bacteria in the vagina.
While some studies indicate that these probiotics may help prevent BV recurrence, their effectiveness varies, and more research is needed.
What Can I Do to Prevent Bacterial Vaginosis?
- Avoid using douches, scented soaps, or deodorants for vaginal hygiene.
- Practice safe sex by using condoms.
- Opt for cotton underwear and avoid tight-fitting clothing to allow airflow.
Bacterial Vaginosis in Pregnancy
BV during pregnancy can slightly increase the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight.
Pregnant women with symptoms of BV should consult their midwife or doctor, as treatment is often recommended to reduce any potential risks to the baby.